clarify

Ask the user a question when you need clarification, feedback, or a decision before proceeding. Supports two modes:

1. **Multiple choice** — provide up to 4 choices. The user picks one or types their own answer via a 5th 'Other' option.
2. **Open-ended** — omit choices entirely. The user types a free-form response.

Use this tool when:
- The task is ambiguous and you need the user to choose an approach
- You want post-task feedback ('How did that work out?')
- You want to offer to save a skill or update memory
- A decision has meaningful trade-offs the user should weigh in on

Do NOT use this tool for simple yes/no confirmation of dangerous commands (the terminal tool handles that). Prefer making a reasonable default choice yourself when the decision is low-stakes.

The question to present to the user.

Choices:
Up to 4 answer choices. Omit this parameter entirely to ask an open-ended question. When provided, the UI automatically appends an 'Other (type your answer)' option.

cronjob

Manage scheduled cron jobs with a single compressed tool.

Use action='create' to schedule a new job from a prompt or one or more skills.
Use action='list' to inspect jobs.
Use action='update', 'pause', 'resume', 'remove', or 'run' to manage an existing job.

To stop a job the user no longer wants: first action='list' to find the job_id, then action='remove' with that job_id. Never guess job IDs — always list first.

Jobs run in a fresh session with no current-chat context, so prompts must be self-contained.
If skills are provided on create, the future cron run loads those skills in order, then follows the prompt as the task instruction.
On update, passing skills=[] clears attached skills.

NOTE: The agent's final response is auto-delivered to the target. Put the primary
user-facing content in the final response. Cron jobs run autonomously with no user
present — they cannot ask questions or request clarification.

Important safety rule: cron-run sessions should not recursively schedule more cron jobs.

One of: create, list, update, pause, resume, remove, run

Required for update/pause/resume/remove/run

For create: the full self-contained prompt. If skills are also provided, this becomes the task instruction paired with those skills.

For create/update: '30m', 'every 2h', '0 9 * * *', or ISO timestamp

Optional human-friendly name

Optional repeat count. Omit for defaults (once for one-shot, forever for recurring).

Omit this parameter to auto-deliver back to the current chat and topic (recommended). Auto-detection preserves thread/topic context. Only set explicitly when the user asks to deliver somewhere OTHER than the current conversation. Values: 'origin' (same as omitting), 'local' (no delivery, save only), or platform:chat_id:thread_id for a specific destination. Examples: 'telegram:-1001234567890:17585', 'discord:#engineering', 'sms:+15551234567'. WARNING: 'platform:chat_id' without :thread_id loses topic targeting.

Optional ordered list of skill names to load before executing the cron prompt. On update, pass an empty array to clear attached skills.

Optional per-job model override. If provider is omitted, the current main provider is pinned at creation time so the job stays stable.

Provider name (e.g. 'openrouter', 'anthropic', or 'custom:<name>' for a provider defined in custom_providers config — always include the ':<name>' suffix, never pass the bare 'custom'). Omit to use and pin the current provider.

Model name (e.g. 'anthropic/claude-sonnet-4', 'claude-sonnet-4')

Optional path to a script that runs each tick. In the default mode its stdout is injected into the agent's prompt as context (data-collection / change-detection pattern). With no_agent=True, the script IS the job and its stdout is delivered verbatim (classic watchdog pattern). Relative paths resolve under ~/.hermes/scripts/. ``.sh``/``.bash`` extensions run via bash, everything else via Python. On update, pass empty string to clear.

Default: False (LLM-driven job — the agent runs the prompt each tick). Set True to skip the LLM entirely: the scheduler just runs ``script`` on schedule and delivers its stdout verbatim. No tokens, no agent loop, no model override honoured.

REQUIREMENTS when True: ``script`` MUST be set (``prompt`` and ``skills`` are ignored).

DELIVERY SEMANTICS when True: (a) non-empty stdout is sent verbatim as the message; (b) EMPTY stdout means SILENT — nothing is sent to the user and they won't see anything happened, so design your script to stay quiet when there's nothing to report (the watchdog pattern); (c) non-zero exit / timeout sends an error alert so a broken watchdog can't fail silently.

WHEN TO USE True: recurring script-only pings where the script itself produces the exact message text (memory/disk/GPU watchdogs, threshold alerts, heartbeats, CI notifications, API pollers with a fixed output shape). WHEN TO USE False (default): anything that needs reasoning — summarize a feed, draft a daily briefing, pick interesting items, rephrase data for a human, follow conditional logic based on content.

Optional job ID or list of job IDs whose most recent completed output is injected into the prompt as context before each run. Use this to chain cron jobs: job A collects data, job B processes it. Each entry must be a valid job ID (from cronjob action='list'). Note: injects the most recent completed output — does not wait for upstream jobs running in the same tick. On update, pass an empty array to clear.

Optional list of toolset names to restrict the job's agent to (e.g. ["web", "terminal", "file", "delegation"]). When set, only tools from these toolsets are loaded, significantly reducing input token overhead. When omitted, all default tools are loaded. Infer from the job's prompt — e.g. use "web" if it calls web_search, "terminal" if it runs scripts, "file" if it reads files, "delegation" if it calls delegate_task. On update, pass an empty array to clear.

Optional absolute path to run the job from. When set, AGENTS.md / CLAUDE.md / .cursorrules from that directory are injected into the system prompt, and the terminal/file/code_exec tools use it as their working directory — useful for running a job inside a specific project repo. Must be an absolute path that exists. When unset (default), preserves the original behaviour: no project context files, tools use the scheduler's cwd. On update, pass an empty string to clear. Jobs with workdir run sequentially (not parallel) to keep per-job directories isolated.

Spawn one or more subagents to work on tasks in isolated contexts. Each subagent gets its own conversation, terminal session, and toolset. Only the final summary is returned -- intermediate tool results never enter your context window.

TWO MODES (one of 'goal' or 'tasks' is required):
1. Single task: provide 'goal' (+ optional context, toolsets)
2. Batch (parallel): provide 'tasks' array with up to delegation.max_concurrent_children items (default 3, configurable via config.yaml, no hard ceiling). All run concurrently and results are returned together. Nested delegation requires role='orchestrator' and delegation.max_spawn_depth >= 2.

WHEN TO USE delegate_task:
- Reasoning-heavy subtasks (debugging, code review, research synthesis)
- Tasks that would flood your context with intermediate data
- Parallel independent workstreams (research A and B simultaneously)

WHEN NOT TO USE (use these instead):
- Mechanical multi-step work with no reasoning needed -> use execute_code
- Single tool call -> just call the tool directly
- Tasks needing user interaction -> subagents cannot use clarify
- Durable long-running work that must outlive the current turn -> use cronjob (action='create') or terminal(background=True, notify_on_complete=True) instead. delegate_task runs SYNCHRONOUSLY inside the parent turn: if the parent is interrupted (user sends a new message, /stop, /new) the child is cancelled with status='interrupted' and its work is discarded. Children cannot continue in the background.

IMPORTANT:
- Subagents have NO memory of your conversation. Pass all relevant info (file paths, error messages, constraints) via the 'context' field.
- If the user is writing in a non-English language, or asked for output in a specific language / tone / style, say so in 'context' (e.g. "respond in Chinese", "return output in Japanese"). Otherwise subagents default to English and their summaries will contaminate your final reply with the wrong language.
- Subagent summaries are SELF-REPORTS, not verified facts. A subagent that claims "uploaded successfully" or "file written" may be wrong. For operations with external side-effects (HTTP POST/PUT, remote writes, file creation at shared paths, publishing), require the subagent to return a verifiable handle (URL, ID, absolute path, HTTP status) and verify it yourself — fetch the URL, stat the file, read back the content — before telling the user the operation succeeded.
- Leaf subagents (role='leaf', the default) CANNOT call: delegate_task, clarify, memory, send_message, execute_code.
- Orchestrator subagents (role='orchestrator') retain delegate_task so they can spawn their own workers, but still cannot use clarify, memory, send_message, or execute_code. Orchestrators are bounded by delegation.max_spawn_depth (default 2) and can be disabled globally via delegation.orchestrator_enabled=false.
- Each subagent gets its own terminal session (separate working directory and state).
- Results are always returned as an array, one entry per task.

What the subagent should accomplish. Be specific and self-contained -- the subagent knows nothing about your conversation history.

Background information the subagent needs: file paths, error messages, project structure, constraints. The more specific you are, the better the subagent performs.

Toolsets to enable for this subagent. Default: inherits your enabled toolsets. Available toolsets: 'browser', 'cronjob', 'discord', 'discord_admin', 'feishu_doc', 'feishu_drive', 'file', 'homeassistant', 'image_gen', 'kanban', 'search', 'session_search', 'skills', 'spotify', 'terminal', 'todo', 'tts', 'video', 'vision', 'web', 'yuanbao'. Common patterns: ['terminal', 'file'] for code work, ['web'] for research, ['browser'] for web interaction, ['terminal', 'file', 'web'] for full-stack tasks.

Task goal

Task-specific context

Toolsets for this specific task. Available: 'browser', 'cronjob', 'discord', 'discord_admin', 'feishu_doc', 'feishu_drive', 'file', 'homeassistant', 'image_gen', 'kanban', 'search', 'session_search', 'skills', 'spotify', 'terminal', 'todo', 'tts', 'video', 'vision', 'web', 'yuanbao'. Use 'web' for network access, 'terminal' for shell, 'browser' for web interaction.

Per-task ACP command override (e.g. 'claude'). Overrides the top-level acp_command for this task only.

Per-task ACP args override.

Per-task role override. See top-level 'role' for semantics.

Batch mode: tasks to run in parallel (limit configurable via delegation.max_concurrent_children, default 3). Each gets its own subagent with isolated context and terminal session. When provided, top-level goal/context/toolsets are ignored.

Role of the child agent. 'leaf' (default) = focused worker, cannot delegate further. 'orchestrator' = can use delegate_task to spawn its own workers. Requires delegation.max_spawn_depth >= 2 in config; ignored (treated as 'leaf') when the child would exceed max_spawn_depth or when delegation.orchestrator_enabled=false.

Override ACP command for child agents (e.g. 'claude', 'copilot'). When set, children use ACP subprocess transport instead of inheriting the parent's transport. Enables spawning Claude Code (claude --acp --stdio) or other ACP-capable agents from any parent, including Discord/Telegram/CLI.

Arguments for the ACP command (default: ['--acp', '--stdio']). Only used when acp_command is set. Example: ['--acp', '--stdio', '--model', 'claude-opus-4-6']

Run a Python script that can call Hermes tools programmatically. Use this when you need 3+ tool calls with processing logic between them, need to filter/reduce large tool outputs before they enter your context, need conditional branching (if X then Y else Z), or need to loop (fetch N pages, process N files, retry on failure).

Use normal tool calls instead when: single tool call with no processing, you need to see the full result and apply complex reasoning, or the task requires interactive user input.

Available via `from hermes_tools import ...`:

  read_file(path: str, offset: int = 1, limit: int = 500) -> dict
    Lines are 1-indexed. Returns {"content": "...", "total_lines": N}
  write_file(path: str, content: str) -> dict
    Always overwrites the entire file.
  search_files(pattern: str, target="content", path=".", file_glob=None, limit=50) -> dict
    target: "content" (search inside files) or "files" (find files by name). Returns {"matches": [...]}
  patch(path: str, old_string: str, new_string: str, replace_all: bool = False) -> dict
    Replaces old_string with new_string in the file.
  terminal(command: str, timeout=None, workdir=None) -> dict
    Foreground only (no background/pty). Returns {"output": "...", "exit_code": N}

Limits: 5-minute timeout, 50KB stdout cap, max 50 tool calls per script. terminal() is foreground-only (no background or pty).

Scripts run in the session's working directory with the active venv's python, so project deps (pandas, etc.) and relative paths work like in terminal().

Print your final result to stdout. Use Python stdlib (json, re, math, csv, datetime, collections, etc.) for processing between tool calls.

Also available (no import needed — built into hermes_tools):
  json_parse(text: str) — json.loads with strict=False; use for terminal() output with control chars
  shell_quote(s: str) — shlex.quote(); use when interpolating dynamic strings into shell commands
  retry(fn, max_attempts=3, delay=2) — retry with exponential backoff for transient failures

Python code to execute. Import tools with `from hermes_tools import terminal, ...` and print your final result to stdout.

memory

Save durable information to persistent memory that survives across sessions. Memory is injected into future turns, so keep it compact and focused on facts that will still matter later.

WHEN TO SAVE (do this proactively, don't wait to be asked):
- User corrects you or says 'remember this' / 'don't do that again'
- User shares a preference, habit, or personal detail (name, role, timezone, coding style)
- You discover something about the environment (OS, installed tools, project structure)
- You learn a convention, API quirk, or workflow specific to this user's setup
- You identify a stable fact that will be useful again in future sessions

PRIORITY: User preferences and corrections > environment facts > procedural knowledge. The most valuable memory prevents the user from having to repeat themselves.

Do NOT save task progress, session outcomes, completed-work logs, or temporary TODO state to memory; use session_search to recall those from past transcripts.
If you've discovered a new way to do something, solved a problem that could be necessary later, save it as a skill with the skill tool.

TWO TARGETS:
- 'user': who the user is -- name, role, preferences, communication style, pet peeves
- 'memory': your notes -- environment facts, project conventions, tool quirks, lessons learned

ACTIONS: add (new entry), replace (update existing -- old_text identifies it), remove (delete -- old_text identifies it).

SKIP: trivial/obvious info, things easily re-discovered, raw data dumps, and temporary task state.

The action to perform.

Which memory store: 'memory' for personal notes, 'user' for user profile.

The entry content. Required for 'add' and 'replace'.

Short unique substring identifying the entry to replace or remove.

patch

Targeted find-and-replace edits in files. Use this instead of sed/awk in terminal. Uses fuzzy matching (9 strategies) so minor whitespace/indentation differences won't break it. Returns a unified diff. Auto-runs syntax checks after editing.

Replace mode (default): find a unique string and replace it.
Patch mode: apply V4A multi-file patches for bulk changes.

Edit mode: 'replace' for targeted find-and-replace, 'patch' for V4A multi-file patches

File path to edit (required for 'replace' mode)

Text to find in the file (required for 'replace' mode). Must be unique in the file unless replace_all=true. Include enough surrounding context to ensure uniqueness.

Replacement text (required for 'replace' mode). Can be empty string to delete the matched text.

Replace all occurrences instead of requiring a unique match (default: false)

V4A format patch content (required for 'patch' mode). Format:
*** Begin Patch
*** Update File: path/to/file
@@ context hint @@
 context line
-removed line
+added line
*** End Patch

process

Manage background processes started with terminal(background=true). Actions: 'list' (show all), 'poll' (check status + new output), 'log' (full output with pagination), 'wait' (block until done or timeout), 'kill' (terminate), 'write' (send raw stdin data without newline), 'submit' (send data + Enter, for answering prompts), 'close' (close stdin/send EOF).

list poll log wait kill write submit close

Action to perform on background processes

Process session ID (from terminal background output). Required for all actions except 'list'.

Text to send to process stdin (for 'write' and 'submit' actions)

Max seconds to block for 'wait' action. Returns partial output on timeout.

Line offset for 'log' action (default: last 200 lines)

Max lines to return for 'log' action

Read a text file with line numbers and pagination. Use this instead of cat/head/tail in terminal. Output format: 'LINE_NUM|CONTENT'. Suggests similar filenames if not found. Use offset and limit for large files. Reads exceeding ~100K characters are rejected; use offset and limit to read specific sections of large files. NOTE: Cannot read images or binary files — use vision_analyze for images.

Path to the file to read (absolute, relative, or ~/path)

Line number to start reading from (1-indexed, default: 1)

Maximum number of lines to read (default: 500, max: 2000)

Search file contents or find files by name. Use this instead of grep/rg/find/ls in terminal. Ripgrep-backed, faster than shell equivalents.

Content search (target='content'): Regex search inside files. Output modes: full matches with line numbers, file paths only, or match counts.

File search (target='files'): Find files by glob pattern (e.g., '*.py', '*config*'). Also use this instead of ls — results sorted by modification time.

Regex pattern for content search, or glob pattern (e.g., '*.py') for file search

'content' searches inside file contents, 'files' searches for files by name

Directory or file to search in (default: current working directory)

Filter files by pattern in grep mode (e.g., '*.py' to only search Python files)

Maximum number of results to return (default: 50)

Skip first N results for pagination (default: 0)

Output format for grep mode: 'content' shows matching lines with line numbers, 'files_only' lists file paths, 'count' shows match counts per file

Number of context lines before and after each match (grep mode only)

Send a message to a connected messaging platform, or list available targets.

IMPORTANT: When the user asks to send to a specific channel or person (not just a bare platform name), call send_message(action='list') FIRST to see available targets, then send to the correct one.
If the user just says a platform name like 'send to telegram', send directly to the home channel without listing first.

Action to perform. 'send' (default) sends a message. 'list' returns all available channels/contacts across connected platforms.

Delivery target. Format: 'platform' (uses home channel), 'platform:#channel-name', 'platform:chat_id', or 'platform:chat_id:thread_id' for Telegram topics and Discord threads. Examples: 'telegram', 'telegram:-1001234567890:17585', 'discord:999888777:555444333', 'discord:#bot-home', 'slack:#engineering', 'signal:+155****4567', 'matrix:!roomid:server.org', 'matrix:@user:server.org', 'yuanbao:direct:<account_id>' (DM), 'yuanbao:group:<group_code>' (group chat)

The message text to send. To send an image or file, include MEDIA:<local_path> (e.g. 'MEDIA:/tmp/hermes/cache/img_xxx.jpg') in the message — the platform will deliver it as a native media attachment.

Search your long-term memory of past conversations, or browse recent sessions. This is your recall -- every past session is searchable, and this tool summarizes what happened.

TWO MODES:
1. Recent sessions (no query): Call with no arguments to see what was worked on recently. Returns titles, previews, and timestamps. Zero LLM cost, instant. Start here when the user asks what were we working on or what did we do recently.
2. Keyword search (with query): Search for specific topics across all past sessions. Returns LLM-generated summaries of matching sessions.

USE THIS PROACTIVELY when:
- The user says 'we did this before', 'remember when', 'last time', 'as I mentioned'
- The user asks about a topic you worked on before but don't have in current context
- The user references a project, person, or concept that seems familiar but isn't in memory
- You want to check if you've solved a similar problem before
- The user asks 'what did we do about X?' or 'how did we fix Y?'

Don't hesitate to search when it is actually cross-session -- it's fast and cheap. Better to search and confirm than to guess or ask the user to repeat themselves.

Search syntax: keywords joined with OR for broad recall (elevenlabs OR baseten OR funding), phrases for exact match ("docker networking"), boolean (python NOT java), prefix (deploy*). IMPORTANT: Use OR between keywords for best results — FTS5 defaults to AND which misses sessions that only mention some terms. If a broad OR query returns nothing, try individual keyword searches in parallel. Returns summaries of the top matching sessions.

Search query — keywords, phrases, or boolean expressions to find in past sessions. Omit this parameter entirely to browse recent sessions instead (returns titles, previews, timestamps with no LLM cost).

Optional: only search messages from specific roles (comma-separated). E.g. 'user,assistant' to skip tool outputs.

Max sessions to summarize (default: 3, max: 5).

Manage skills (create, update, delete). Skills are your procedural memory — reusable approaches for recurring task types. New skills go to ~/.hermes/skills/; existing skills can be modified wherever they live.

Actions: create (full SKILL.md + optional category), patch (old_string/new_string — preferred for fixes), edit (full SKILL.md rewrite — major overhauls only), delete, write_file, remove_file.

On delete, pass `absorbed_into=<umbrella>` when you're merging this skill's content into another one, or `absorbed_into=""` when you're pruning it with no forwarding target. This lets the curator tell consolidation from pruning without guessing, so downstream consumers (cron jobs that reference the old skill name, etc.) get updated correctly. The target you name in `absorbed_into` must already exist — create/patch the umbrella first, then delete.

Create when: complex task succeeded (5+ calls), errors overcome, user-corrected approach worked, non-trivial workflow discovered, or user asks you to remember a procedure.
Update when: instructions stale/wrong, OS-specific failures, missing steps or pitfalls found during use. If you used a skill and hit issues not covered by it, patch it immediately.

After difficult/iterative tasks, offer to save as a skill. Skip for simple one-offs. Confirm with user before creating/deleting.

Good skills: trigger conditions, numbered steps with exact commands, pitfalls section, verification steps. Use skill_view() to see format examples.

Pinned skills are protected from deletion only — skill_manage(action='delete') will refuse with a message pointing the user to `hermes curator unpin <name>`. Patches and edits go through on pinned skills so you can still improve them as pitfalls come up; pin only guards against irrecoverable loss.

create patch edit delete write_file remove_file

The action to perform.

Skill name (lowercase, hyphens/underscores, max 64 chars). Must match an existing skill for patch/edit/delete/write_file/remove_file.

Full SKILL.md content (YAML frontmatter + markdown body). Required for 'create' and 'edit'. For 'edit', read the skill first with skill_view() and provide the complete updated text.

Text to find in the file (required for 'patch'). Must be unique unless replace_all=true. Include enough surrounding context to ensure uniqueness.

Replacement text (required for 'patch'). Can be empty string to delete the matched text.

For 'patch': replace all occurrences instead of requiring a unique match (default: false).

Optional category/domain for organizing the skill (e.g., 'devops', 'data-science', 'mlops'). Creates a subdirectory grouping. Only used with 'create'.

Path to a supporting file within the skill directory. For 'write_file'/'remove_file': required, must be under references/, templates/, scripts/, or assets/. For 'patch': optional, defaults to SKILL.md if omitted.

Content for the file. Required for 'write_file'.

For 'delete' only — declares intent so the curator can tell consolidation from pruning without guessing. Pass the umbrella skill name when this skill's content was merged into another (the target must already exist). Pass an empty string when the skill is truly stale and being pruned with no forwarding target. Omitting the arg on delete is supported for backward compatibility but downstream tooling (e.g. cron-job skill reference rewriting) will have to guess at intent.

Skills allow for loading information about specific tasks and workflows, as well as scripts and templates. Load a skill's full content or access its linked files (references, templates, scripts). First call returns SKILL.md content plus a 'linked_files' dict showing available references/templates/scripts. To access those, call again with file_path parameter.

The skill name (use skills_list to see available skills). For plugin-provided skills, use the qualified form 'plugin:skill' (e.g. 'superpowers:writing-plans').

OPTIONAL: Path to a linked file within the skill (e.g., 'references/api.md', 'templates/config.yaml', 'scripts/validate.py'). Omit to get the main SKILL.md content.

List available skills (name + description). Use skill_view(name) to load full content.

Optional category filter to narrow results

terminal

Execute shell commands on a Linux environment. Filesystem usually persists between calls.

Do NOT use cat/head/tail to read files — use read_file instead.
Do NOT use grep/rg/find to search — use search_files instead.
Do NOT use ls to list directories — use search_files(target='files') instead.
Do NOT use sed/awk to edit files — use patch instead.
Do NOT use echo/cat heredoc to create files — use write_file instead.
Reserve terminal for: builds, installs, git, processes, scripts, network, package managers, and anything that needs a shell.

Foreground (default): Commands return INSTANTLY when done, even if the timeout is high. Set timeout=300 for long builds/scripts — you'll still get the result in seconds if it's fast. Prefer foreground for short commands.
Background: Set background=true to get a session_id. Two patterns:
  (1) Long-lived processes that never exit (servers, watchers).
  (2) Long-running tasks with notify_on_complete=true — you can keep working on other things and the system auto-notifies you when the task finishes. Great for test suites, builds, deployments, or anything that takes more than a minute.
For servers/watchers, do NOT use shell-level background wrappers (nohup/disown/setsid/trailing '&') in foreground mode. Use background=true so Hermes can track lifecycle and output.
After starting a server, verify readiness with a health check or log signal, then run tests in a separate terminal() call. Avoid blind sleep loops.
Use process(action="poll") for progress checks, process(action="wait") to block until done.
Working directory: Use 'workdir' for per-command cwd.
PTY mode: Set pty=true for interactive CLI tools (Codex, Claude Code, Python REPL).

Do NOT use vim/nano/interactive tools without pty=true — they hang without a pseudo-terminal. Pipe git output to cat if it might page.

The command to execute on the VM

Run the command in the background. Two patterns: (1) Long-lived processes that never exit (servers, watchers). (2) Long-running tasks paired with notify_on_complete=true — you can keep working and get notified when the task finishes. For short commands, prefer foreground with a generous timeout instead.

Max seconds to wait (default: 180, foreground max: 600). Returns INSTANTLY when command finishes — set high for long tasks, you won't wait unnecessarily. Foreground timeout above 600s is rejected; use background=true for longer commands.

Working directory for this command (absolute path). Defaults to the session working directory.

Run in pseudo-terminal (PTY) mode for interactive CLI tools like Codex, Claude Code, or Python REPL. Only works with local and SSH backends. Default: false.

When true (and background=true), you'll be automatically notified exactly once when the process finishes. **This is the right choice for almost every long-running task** — tests, builds, deployments, multi-item batch jobs, anything that takes over a minute and has a defined end. Use this and keep working on other things; the system notifies you on exit. MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE with watch_patterns — when both are set, watch_patterns is dropped.

Strings to watch for in background process output. HARD RATE LIMIT: at most 1 notification per 15 seconds per process — matches arriving inside the cooldown are dropped. After 3 consecutive 15-second windows with dropped matches, watch_patterns is automatically disabled for that process and promoted to notify_on_complete behavior (one notification on exit, no more mid-process spam). USE ONLY for truly rare, one-shot mid-process signals on LONG-LIVED processes that will never exit on their own — e.g. ['Application startup complete'] on a server so you know when to hit its endpoint, or ['migration done'] on a daemon. DO NOT use for: (1) end-of-run markers like 'DONE'/'PASS' — use notify_on_complete instead; (2) error patterns like 'ERROR'/'Traceback' in loops or multi-item batch jobs — they fire on every iteration and you'll hit the strike limit fast; (3) anything you'd ever combine with notify_on_complete. When in doubt, choose notify_on_complete. MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE with notify_on_complete — set one, not both.

Convert text to speech audio. Returns a MEDIA: path that the platform delivers as native audio. Compatible providers render as a voice bubble on Telegram; otherwise audio is sent as a regular attachment. In CLI mode, saves to ~/voice-memos/. Voice and provider are user-configured (built-in providers like edge/openai or custom command providers under tts.providers.<name>), not model-selected.

The text to convert to speech. Provider-specific character caps apply and are enforced automatically (OpenAI 4096, xAI 15000, MiniMax 10000, ElevenLabs 5k-40k depending on model); over-long input is truncated.

Optional custom file path to save the audio. Defaults to ~/.hermes/audio_cache/<timestamp>.mp3

todo

Manage your task list for the current session. Use for complex tasks with 3+ steps or when the user provides multiple tasks. Call with no parameters to read the current list.

Writing:
- Provide 'todos' array to create/update items
- merge=false (default): replace the entire list with a fresh plan
- merge=true: update existing items by id, add any new ones

Each item: {id: string, content: string, status: pending|in_progress|completed|cancelled}
List order is priority. Only ONE item in_progress at a time.
Mark items completed immediately when done. If something fails, cancel it and add a revised item.

Always returns the full current list.

Task items to write. Omit to read current list.

Unique item identifier

Task description

Current status

true: update existing items by id, add new ones. false (default): replace the entire list.

Inspect an image from a URL, file path, or tool output when you need closer detail than what's visible in the conversation. If the user's image is already attached to the conversation and you can see it, just answer directly — only call this tool for images referenced by URL/path, images returned inside other tool results (browser screenshots, search thumbnails), or when you need a deeper look at a specific region the main model's vision may have missed.

Image URL (http/https) or local file path to analyze.

Your specific question or request about the image to resolve. The AI will automatically provide a complete image description AND answer your specific question.

Write content to a file, completely replacing existing content. Use this instead of echo/cat heredoc in terminal. Creates parent directories automatically. OVERWRITES the entire file — use 'patch' for targeted edits. Auto-runs syntax checks on .py/.json/.yaml/.toml and other linted languages; only NEW errors introduced by this write are surfaced (pre-existing errors are filtered out).

Path to the file to write (will be created if it doesn't exist, overwritten if it does)

Complete content to write to the file


[System note: Your previous turn was interrupted before you could process the last tool result(s). The conversation history contains tool outputs you haven't responded to yet. Please finish processing those results and summarize what was accomplished, then address the user's new message below.]

du hast ja den camfox browser, nutze den auch


Explanation: The user is telling me to use the Camofox browser skill to do the research. Let me load the camofox browser skill and use it to search for the information.


zimaos-camofox-browser

---
name: zimaos-camofox-browser
description: "Camofox-Browser als persistenten Docker-Dienst auf ZimaOS für Hermes-Browser-Automation einrichten und betreiben."
version: 1.0.0
author: Kiwi (Ahmed Zeyd Aytac)
tags: [zimaos, camofox, browser, docker, compose, hermes, anti-detection, persistence]
---

# ZimaOS Camofox Browser

Ziel: Auf dem ZimaOS-Server soll Browser-Automation für Hermes **immer** über einen lokalen Camofox-Browser-Container laufen — nicht über Webtop, nicht primär über linuxserver/chromium, nicht primär über Kasm und nicht primär über Browserless.

## Architekturstandard

1. **Camofox local mode** als Docker/Compose-Dienst auf ZimaOS bevorzugen.
2. Hermes verwendet seine nativen Browser-Tools über `CAMOFOX_URL`.
3. Hermes direkt auf ZimaOS-Host → `CAMOFOX_URL=http://127.0.0.1:9377`.
4. Hermes selbst in Docker → gemeinsames Docker-Netzwerk und `CAMOFOX_URL=http://camofox-browser:9377`.
5. **Persistence aktivieren**, damit Cookies, Logins, LocalStorage und Sessions über Neustarts erhalten bleiben.
6. noVNC nur zur Beobachtung oder manuellen MFA/CAPTCHA/Login-Hilfe; noVNC ist **nicht** die primäre Agentensteuerung.
7. Camofox-API nicht öffentlich ins WAN exponieren. Port 9377 an localhost oder nur an internes Docker-Netzwerk binden.
8. **Keinen `CAMOFOX_API_KEY` setzen**, solange Hermes' Camofox-Integration bei gesetztem Key 403-Probleme haben kann. Sicherheit stattdessen über Bind-Adresse, Firewall, Docker-Netzwerk, VPN oder SSH-Tunnel.
9. Für ZimaOS persistente Pfade unter `/DATA/AppData/camofox` verwenden. Keine fragilen Container ohne Volume.
10. Sessions nach Aufgaben: erst `browser.camofox.managed_persistence: true` prüfen, optional extern gemanagte Sessions mit `CAMOFOX_USER_ID`, `CAMOFOX_SESSION_KEY` und `CAMOFOX_ADOPT_EXISTING_TAB=true`.

## Referenz-Compose für ZimaOS

```yaml
services:
  camofox-browser:
    image: camofox-browser:local
    container_name: camofox-browser
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "127.0.0.1:9377:9377"
      - "127.0.0.1:6080:6080"
    environment:
      CAMOFOX_PORT: "9377"
      ENABLE_VNC: "1"
      VNC_BIND: "0.0.0.0"
      VNC_RESOLUTION: "1920x1080"
      MAX_OLD_SPACE_SIZE: "2048"
    volumes:
      - /DATA/AppData/camofox:/root/.camofox
```

## Hermes-Konfiguration

### 1. `.env` — CAMOFOX_URL setzen

```bash
# In ~/.hermes/.env:
CAMOFOX_URL=http://127.0.0.1:9377
```

Bei Hermes-in-Docker stattdessen:
```bash
CAMOFOX_URL=http://camofox-browser:9377
```

### 2. `config.yaml` — managed persistence

```yaml
browser:
  camofox:
    managed_persistence: true
```

### 3. Browser-Toolset aktivieren

```bash
hermes tools enable browser
```

### 4. Hermes vollständig neu starten

Nach allen Änderungen muss Hermes komplett neu gestartet werden (Gateway-Restart oder CLI-Neustart).

## Verifikation

### Schritt 1: Camofox-Erreichbarkeit prüfen

```bash
curl -fsS http://127.0.0.1:9377/health
# oder einen anderen API-Endpunkt des Camofox-Servers
```

### Schritt 2: CAMOFOX_URL in .env prüfen

```bash
grep CAMOFOX_URL ~/.hermes/.env
```

### Schritt 3: Browser-Aufgabe + noVNC-Beobachtung

```bash
# noVNC über SSH-Tunnel:
ssh -L 6080:127.0.0.1:6080 user@zimaos
# Dann im Browser: http://localhost:6080
```

Starte eine Browser-Aufgabe in Hermes und beobachte über noVNC.

### Schritt 4: Persistenz-Test

1. Logge dich manuell auf einer Website ein.
2. Beende die Browser-Aufgabe.
3. Starte eine neue Browser-Aufgabe.
4. Prüfe, ob der Login erhalten bleibt.

### Schritt 5: Docker-Netzwerk-Fallback

Wenn Hermes in Docker läuft und `127.0.0.1` nicht funktioniert:
```bash
CAMOFOX_URL=http://camofox-browser:9377
```
im gemeinsamen Docker-Netzwerk verwenden.

## Build-Prozess (ZimaOS)

Da `jo-inc/camofox-browser` kein öffentliches Docker-Image hat, muss **lokal gebaut** werden.
ZimaOS hat kein `make` — die Schritte sind manuell:

### 1. Repo clonen + Assets downloaden

```bash
cd /tmp
git clone https://github.com/jo-inc/camofox-browser.git
cd camofox-browser
mkdir -p dist
curl -fSL "https://github.com/daijro/camoufox/releases/download/v135.0.1-beta.24/camoufox-135.0.1-beta.24-lin.x86_64.zip" -o dist/camoufox-x86_64.zip
curl -fSL "https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux" -o dist/yt-dlp-x86_64
```

### 2. Image bauen (mit VNC-Support)

Der Standard-Dockerfile hat **kein** `x11vnc`, `noVNC` oder `websockify`.
Ein angepasster Dockerfile wird benötigt. Siehe `references/build-dockerfile.md` für das vollständige Dockerfile.

```bash
DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build --no-cache \
  --build-arg ARCH=x86_64 \
  --build-arg CAMOUFOX_VERSION=135.0.1 \
  --build-arg CAMOUFOX_RELEASE=beta.24 \
  -t camofox-browser:135.0.1-x86_64 \
  -f /path/to/custom.Dockerfile .
```

### 3. VNC-Config für Camofox

VNC ist im Standard-Image **deaktiviert**. Config mit aktiviertem VNC als Volume mounten:

```json
{
  "id": "camofox-browser",
  "name": "Camofox Browser",
  "version": "1.6.0",
  "plugins": {
    "youtube": { "enabled": true },
    "persistence": { "enabled": true },
    "vnc": { "enabled": true, "resolution": "1920x1080" }
  }
}
```

Die Datei ins Compose-File einbinden (siehe Referenz-Compose).

### 4. Websockify nachinstallieren (im laufenden Container)

`websockify` fehlt im Python-Path des Containers und muss nachinstalliert werden:

```bash
docker exec camofox-browser pip3 install --break-system-packages websockify
# Oder im Dockerfile ergänzen: RUN pip3 install --break-system-packages websockify
```

### Compose-File starten

```bash
docker --config /tmp/docker-config compose -f /DATA/AppData/camofox-compose/docker-compose.yml up -d
```

**Wichtig:** Auf ZimaOS immer `DOCKER_CONFIG=/tmp/docker-config` setzen — `/root/.docker` ist read-only.

## Browser-Automation Patterns

### Content Extraction from SPAs (JS-heavy sites like WU Wien, ÖH WU)

Many modern sites are React/SPA — `curl` gets empty `<div id="root">`. Use one of:

1. **links endpoint** (fast, no JS needed): `GET /tabs/:tabId/links?userId=kiwi` — returns link texts, but hrefs may be empty (JS-routed).
2. **screenshot + vision** (reliable): Take screenshot, `vision_analyze` it for visual content.
3. **jina.ai reader** (best for text extraction): `curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/<URL>" -H "Accept: text/plain"` — renders JS and returns clean markdown. Use when browser-extracted content is insufficient.
4. **Hidden JSON APIs** (fastest, no browser needed): Many JS SPAs have backend API endpoints. Look for them in page source (`grep -oP 'api|endpoint|json|type=\d+'`), or try common patterns like `?type=INTEGER` on the page URL. Example: `ihr-notariat.at/notarfinder/?type=1602231006` returned the full Austrian notary database as JSON — avoiding the entire SPA. Always try this before launching browser automation for content extraction.
5. **evaluate endpoint**: `POST /tabs/:tabId/evaluate` — requires `CAMOFOX_API_KEY` unless loopback. For localhost calls without API key, prefer links + screenshot.

### Cookie / Consent Popups

Many EU sites (WU, ÖH) show cookie banners that overlay content. Dismiss via:
- `POST /tabs/:tabId/click` with selector `"button:has-text('Alle akzeptieren')"` or similar
- If clicking times out (popup blocks interaction), try waiting 2-3s first, then click
- Take screenshot after dismissal to verify

### Auth / sessionKey Convention

- **POST endpoints**: `userId` and `sessionKey` go in the **JSON body**, NOT as query params. Query params are ignored.
  ```bash
  # ✅ CORRECT
  curl -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs" \
    -d '{"userId":"kiwi","sessionKey":"default","url":"https://example.com"}'

  # ❌ WRONG — query params ignored
  curl -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=default" \
    -d '{"url":"https://example.com"}'
  ```
- **GET endpoints** (screenshot, links): use **query params**.
  ```bash
  curl "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs/$TAB/screenshot?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=default"
  ```
- The `sessionKey` value is arbitrary — `"default"`, `"tuya"`, etc. all work as long as it's present.

### API Endpoint Quirks

| Endpoint | Method | Notes |
|----------|--------|-------|
| `/tabs` | POST | Create tab — `{userId, sessionKey, url}` in body → returns `tabId` |
| `/tabs?userId=kiwi` | GET | List all tabs for user — works |
| `/tabs/:tabId?userId=kiwi` | GET | May return 404 with current version — use listing instead |
| `/tabs/:tabId/links?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=X` | GET | Link extraction — JS-routed sites have empty hrefs (React SPA). Returns `{links, pagination}`. Buttons/submit inputs inside forms are NOT listed (they're not `<a>` tags) |
| `/tabs/:tabId/screenshot?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=X` | GET | Screenshot — works, reliable. Returns PNG via stdout |
| `/tabs/:tabId/evaluate` | POST | **BLOCKED without CAMOFOX_API_KEY** even on loopback. Returns `{"error":"This endpoint requires CAMOFOX_API_KEY except for loopback requests in non-production environments."}`. Workaround: use `/type` for form filling + `/click` for interaction |
| `/tabs/:tabId/type` | POST | Type text into an input field. Body: `{userId, sessionKey, selector, text}`. Returns `{"ok":true}`. Works for both text and password fields. Chain `/type` + `/click` as a substitute for `/evaluate` when API key is absent |
| `/tabs/:tabId/click` | POST | CSS selector click. Body: `{userId, sessionKey, selector}`. May return `{"error":"Internal server error"}` on submit buttons inside forms — `/type` + form interaction may be needed instead |
| `/tabs/:tabId/navigate` | POST | Set URL. Body: `{userId, sessionKey, url}`. **Cannot navigate to `javascript:` URLs** — returns "Bad Request". Only works with `http(s)://` URLs |
| `/health` | GET | Health check — `browserConnected` goes true lazily on first tab |

## Troubleshooting

- **Camofox nicht erreichbar:** `docker logs camofox-browser` prüfen.
- **403 bei gesetztem CAMOFOX_API_KEY:** Key entfernen, Sicherheit über Netzwerk-Binding sicherstellen.
- **Cookies/Logins nicht persistent:** Prüfen ob `/DATA/AppData/camofox` gemountet ist und `managed_persistence: true` in config.yaml steht.
- **noVNC nicht erreichbar:** Port 6080 nur an localhost gebunden? SSH-Tunnel nutzen: `ssh -L 6080:127.0.0.1:6080 user@zimaos`
- **`/root/.docker` read-only:** Auf ZimaOS `DOCKER_CONFIG=/tmp/docker-config` vor allen Docker-Befehlen setzen.
- **`make: command not found`:** ZimaOS hat kein make. Build-Schritte manuell ausführen (curl für Assets, docker build direkt).
- **`websockify: not found`:** Im Container `pip3 install --break-system-packages websockify` ausführen, dann `websockify --web /usr/share/novnc 0.0.0.0:6080 127.0.0.1:5900` starten.
- **`browserConnected: false` in Health:** Normal — Camoufox startet lazily erst beim ersten Tab-Request. Einen Tab öffnen, dann prüft Health auf `true`.
- **VNC-Plugin deaktiviert:** In `camofox.config.json` muss `"vnc": { "enabled": true, "resolution": "1920x1080" }` stehen. Per Volume-Mount überschreiben.

To view linked files, call skill_view(name, file_path) where file_path is e.g. 'references/api.md' or 'assets/config.yaml'


Explanation:
Der Nutzer möchte, dass ich Camofox für die Recherche verwende, da curl nicht gut funktioniert hat. Zuvor war ich dabei, das DBA Österreich-Türkei zu recherchieren, aber die Websites waren schwer zu parsen. Jetzt soll ich den Camofox-Browser nutzen, um die Informationen zu sammeln.

Ich brauche:
1. DBA Österreich-Türkei Text (Artikel zu Pensionen)
2. EStG Österreich - Behandlung von Auslandspensionen
3. FinStrG - Selbstanzeige, Nacherklärung

Lass mich Camofox nutzen, um diese Seiten zu besuchen und Screenshots zu machen oder Links zu extrahieren. Die relevanten Seiten sind:

- RIS: DBA Österreich-Türkei Text (BGBl. Nr. 903/1974)
- BMF-Seite zum DBA Türkei
- Findok (BMF-Findok)
- EStG § 25

Ich werde die Camofox-API verwenden, um Tabs zu öffnen und Screenshots zu machen.

Zuerst prüfe ich, ob Camofox erreichbar ist.

todo

DBA Österreich-Türkei recherchieren (Besteuerungsrecht für Pensionen)

Österreichische Steuerpflicht bei Auslandspensionen prüfen (EStG, Progressionsvorbehalt)

Folgen der Nichtangabe bisheriger Pensionseinkünfte (Selbstanzeige, Verjährung)

Zusammenfassung und Handlungsempfehlung für den Opa


Gute Idee, lass mich den Camofox-Browser nutzen. Ich checke erst, ob er läuft und öffne dann mehrere Recherche-Tabs parallel.

Explanation:
Let me use the Camofox browser to research the DBA between Austria and Turkey, specifically regarding pensions. I'll use the Jina.ai reader approach mentioned in the skill, which is the most efficient for text extraction from JS-heavy sites. But first, let me also try direct Camofox browser navigation.

Let me start by using the Camofox browser to search for and extract information about the DBA.


terminal

Output: {"ok":true,"engine":"camoufox","browserConnected":false,"browserRunning":false,"activeTabs":0,"activeSessions":0,"consecutiveFailures":0,"memory":{"rssMb":208,"heapUsedMb":76,"nativeMemMb":132}}


Explanation:
Camofox is running. Let me open tabs to search for the relevant information. I'll use the browser to navigate to relevant Austrian legal resources. Let me create tabs to search the RIS (Rechtsinformationssystem) for the DBA text and BMF resources.

Let me use the jina.ai reader approach mentioned in the skill - it could be faster for text extraction from these sites. But first, let me try the browser approach directly since the RIS site is JS-heavy.

Actually, let me try a more efficient approach. Let me use the browser to navigate to Google searches in German, find the relevant BMF/RIS pages, and extract their content. Or better yet, let me use jina.ai to read the RIS pages directly - that's mentioned in the skill as the best approach for content extraction.

Let me first try to find the correct RIS URL for the DBA text, then use jina.ai to read it.

# First, let's find the DBA text via RIS search
curl -sL "https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Ergebnis.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Kundmachungsorgan=&Index=&Titel=&Gesetzesnummer=&VonArtikel=&BisArtikel=&VonParagraf=&BisParagraf=&VonAnlage=&BisAnlage=&Typ=&Kundmachungsnummer=&Unterzeichnungsdatum=&FassungVom=05.06.2026&VonInkrafttretedatum=&BisInkrafttretedatum=&VonAusserkrafttretedatum=&BisAusserkrafttretedatum=&NormabschnittnummerKombination=Und&ImRisSeitVonDatum=&ImRisSeitBisDatum=&ImRisSeit=Undefined&ResultPageSize=50&Suchworte=T%C3%BCrkei+Doppelbesteuerung&Position=1" 2>/dev/null | python3 -c "
import sys, re
html = sys.stdin.read()
# Find all Gesetzesnummer links
matches = re.findall(r'Gesetzesnummer=(\d+)', html)
# Also find titles
titles = re.findall(r'Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=\d+\">([^<]+)', html)
for m, t in zip(matches, titles):
    print(f'Gesetzesnummer={m} -> {t}')
" 2>&1

# Use jina.ai to read the BMF's DBA overview page
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern/internationales-steuerrecht/dba-uebersicht.html" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | head -200


Output:
Title: Seite nicht gefunden

URL Source: https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern/internationales-steuerrecht/dba-uebersicht.html

Warning: Target URL returned error 404: Not Found

Markdown Content:
# Seite nicht gefunden

*   [Zum Inhalt Accesskey [1]](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern/internationales-steuerrecht/dba-uebersicht.html#content)
*   [Zum Hauptmenü Accesskey [2]](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern/internationales-steuerrecht/dba-uebersicht.html#topnavigation)
*   [Zur Suche Accesskey [4]](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern/internationales-steuerrecht/dba-uebersicht.html#search)

[![Image 1: BMF - Logo](https://www.bmf.gv.at/dam/jcr:15aaf72e-f323-43b6-bbbb-5ecda60faffc/BMF_Logo_srgb.png)](https://www.bmf.gv.at/public.html)

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    *   [Sicherheit & Technologie](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/Sicherheit-Technologie.html)
    *   [Steuern](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern.html)
    *   [Wirtschaftspolitik](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/wirtschaftspolitik.html)
    *   [Zoll](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/zoll.html)

*   [Ministerium](https://www.bmf.gv.at/ministerium.html)

    *   [Finanzminister Markus Marterbauer](https://www.bmf.gv.at/ministerium/finanzminister-markus-marterbauer.html)
    *   [Staatssekretärin Barbara Eibinger-Miedl](https://www.bmf.gv.at/ministerium/staatssekretaerin-barbara-eibinger-miedl.html)
    *   [Aufgaben & Organisation](https://www.bmf.gv.at/ministerium/aufgaben-und-organisation.html)
    *   [Österreichische Jugendstrategie](https://www.bmf.gv.at/ministerium/oesterreichische-jugendstrategie.html)
    *   [Morgen verändern, heute bewerben](https://www.bmf.gv.at/ministerium/jobs.html)
    *   [Nationale Finanzbildungsstrategie](https://www.bmf.gv.at/ministerium/nationale-finanzbildungsstrategie.html)

*   [Presse](https://www.bmf.gv.at/presse.html)

    *   [Pressemeldungen](https://www.bmf.gv.at/presse/pressemeldungen.html)
    *   [Pressekontakt](https://www.bmf.gv.at/presse/pressekontakt.html)
    *   [Fotos](https://www.bmf.gv.at/presse/fotos.html)
    *   [Videos](https://www.bmf.gv.at/presse/videos.html)
    *   [BMF.Geldanschauung](https://www.bmf.gv.at/presse/podcast.html)

*   [Rechtsnews](https://www.bmf.gv.at/rechtsnews.html)

    *   [Finanzmärkte - Rechtsnews](https://www.bmf.gv.at/rechtsnews/finanzmaerkte-rechtsnews.html)
    *   [Steuern - Rechtsnews](https://www.bmf.gv.at/rechtsnews/steuern-rechtsnews.html)

*   Suche einblenden
*   [Gebärdensprache](https://www.bmf.gv.at/services/gebaerdensprache.html)
*   Navigation einblenden
*   Ausgewählte Sprache:DE[English](https://www.bmf.gv.at/en.html)

Suche

Suchen

1.   [Startseite](https://www.bmf.gv.at/public.html "Startseite")
2.   Seite nicht gefunden

# Seite nicht gefunden

Die von Ihnen gewählte Seite wurde nicht gefunden (HTTP Fehler 404)

Sicherlich finden Sie die von Ihnen gewünschten Informationen an anderer Stelle. Verwenden Sie hierfür die Suche (oben).

## Serviceangebote**Serviceangebote**

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## Häufig gesucht**Häufig gesucht**

*   [Pendlerpauschale](https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern/arbeitnehmerveranlagung/pendlerfoerderung-das-pendlerpauschale.html)
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## Organisation**Organisation**

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*   [Impressum](https://www.bmf.gv.at/public/impressum.html)/
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**Quelle:** https://www.bmf.gv.at/themen/steuern/internationales-steuerrecht/dba-uebersicht.html

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        *   [Informationen für Softwarehersteller](https://www.bmf.gv.at/services/finanzonline/informationen-fuer-softwarehersteller.html)


Explanation: Let me use the Camofox browser to search for the relevant information. Jina.ai and direct curl aren't working well for these sites. Let me open the browser and navigate to the key sources.

# Create a new tab and navigate to the RIS DBA page
curl -s -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"userId":"kiwi","sessionKey":"default","url":"https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20003915"}' 2>&1


Explanation: Let me wait for the page to load and then take a screenshot and extract links/content.

sleep 5 && curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs/a3ee14f2-0a67-4a8f-a549-279dbec604b3/links?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=default" 2>&1


Explanation: The RIS page loaded but the links aren't showing the actual content. The DBA text is likely inside a dynamic element. Let me try taking a screenshot to see what's on the page, and also try the jina.ai reader approach for the RIS page.

curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs/a3ee14f2-0a67-4a8f-a549-279dbec604b3/screenshot?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=default" -o /tmp/ris_dba.png 2>&1 && echo "OK: $(stat -c%s /tmp/ris_dba.png) bytes"

# Try jina.ai for the RIS DBA page
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20003915" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | head -100


Output: OK: 132634 bytes


Output:
Title: RIS - 20003915 - Bundesrecht konsolidiert, Fassung vom 05.06.2026

URL Source: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20003915

Warning: Target URL returned error 404: Not Found

Markdown Content:
# RIS - 20003915 - Bundesrecht konsolidiert, Fassung vom 05.06.2026

Seitenbereiche:
*   [Zum Inhalt (Accesskey 0)](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20003915#main)
*   [Zur Navigationsleiste (Accesskey 1)](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20003915#navigation)
*   [Kontakt (Accesskey 4)](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/UI/Kontakt.aspx)
*   [Impressum (Accesskey 5)](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/UI/Impressum.aspx)
*   [Datenschutzerklärung (Accesskey 6)](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/UI/Datenschutz.aspx)
*   [Barrierefreiheitserklärung (Accesskey 7)](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/UI/Barrierefreiheit.aspx)
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*   [English](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/defaultEn.aspx) (Accesskey 9)

[![Image 1: Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Images/RisHeader.jpg)](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/default.aspx)

[Navigationsleiste:](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20003915)

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# Bundesrecht konsolidiert: Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für 20003915, Fassung vom 05.06.2026

*

Die Rechtsvorschrift '20003915' ist am 05.06.2026 nicht mehr oder noch nicht in Kraft.

Bitte benutzen Sie folgenden Link, um [zur Startseite](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/default.aspx) zurückzukehren.

[Zum Seitenanfang](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20003915#header).

## Über diese Seite

*    © 2026 Bundeskanzleramt der Republik Österreich


Explanation:
Wait, it says "Die Rechtsvorschrift '20003915' ist am 05.06.2026 nicht mehr oder noch nicht in Kraft" - meaning the DBA with Gesetzesnummer 20003915 is no longer in force. This means I need to find the current DBA. Let me search for the correct Gesetzesnummer.

Let me take a different approach. Instead of trying to fetch the DBA text from RIS (which is proving difficult), I know the key points about the Austria-Turkey DBA from my training data. The DBA between Austria and Turkey was signed on 3 November 1970 (BGBl. Nr. 232/1973) and later replaced by a new DBA signed on 28 March 2002, which entered into force in 2004 (BGBl. III Nr. 94/2004) and was later amended by a protocol in 2009 (BGBl. III Nr. 161/2009).

For pensions under OECD Model Convention (and the Austria-Turkey DBA follows the OECD model):

**Article 18 (Pensions):** Pensions and other similar remuneration paid to a resident of a Contracting State in consideration of past employment shall be taxable only in that State (the residence state). This follows the OECD Model Convention Article 18.

**Article 19 (Government Service):** Pensions paid by, or out of funds created by, a Contracting State or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or subdivision or authority shall be taxable only in that State (the source/cassing state). Unless the individual is a resident and national of the other state.

So the key question is: where does the grandfather live (residence)?

If the grandfather lives in Austria (as stated: "lebt in Österreich"), then under Article 18:
- The Austrian pension: taxable in Austria (residence state)
- The Turkish pension: also generally taxable in Austria under Article 18 (residence state), but Turkey may also tax it at source

For the Turkish pension: The DBA likely uses the credit method (Anrechnungsmethode) — Austria would tax it but credit the Turkish tax paid.

Now for the Austrian EStG perspective:
- § 1 EStG: unbeschränkte Steuerpflicht if residence or habitual abode in Austria
- § 25 EStG: pensions are taxable income
- Foreign pensions must be declared even if taxed abroad
- Progressionsvorbehalt applies in the Befreiungsmethode case

Now, the non-declaration issue:
- FinStrG § 33: Steuerhinterziehung (punishable by up to 2x the evaded tax, or imprisonment up to 2 years)
- FinStrG § 29: Selbstanzeige (voluntary disclosure) — if you come clean before the authorities discover it, you avoid criminal penalties but still have to pay the back taxes
- The statute of limitations (Verjährung): Generally 10 years for serious tax fraud under § 31 FinStrG

Let me now take a screenshot and also try alternative ways to get the actual DBA text. But given my training data is comprehensive on this topic, let me also try to verify key points via other sources. Let me use jina.ai to get the actual EStG text and the FinStrG text, and also search for the right current DBA number.

Let me try to find the correct DBA Gesetzesnummer on RIS first.

Question: Was steht auf dieser Seite? Ist es eine gültige Gesetzesvorschrift oder zeigt sie 'nicht mehr in Kraft'? Welche Nummer und welcher Titel werden angezeigt?

# Suche nach aktuellen DBA Türkei über RIS-Suche über den Browser
curl -s -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"userId":"kiwi","sessionKey":"default","url":"https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Ergebnis.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Suchworte=T%C3%BCrkei+Doppelbesteuerung&FassungVom=05.06.2026&ImRisSeit=Undefined&ResultPageSize=100"}' 2>&1


Okay, let's break down this image and then answer the question.

**Image Description:**

The image is a screenshot of a webpage, likely from a legal information system in Austria (as indicated by the text). Here's a detailed breakdown:

* **Top Navigation Bar:**  The top of the page features a standard website navigation bar. It includes links to various legal categories:
    * **Kontakt:** Contact
    * **Impressum:** Legal Notice/Terms of Service
    * **Datenschutzfreihstellungserklärung:** Data Protection Disclosure Statement
    * **Sitemap:** Sitemap
    * **English:**  Indicates the page is available in English.
    * **RIS:** Likely refers to the "Rechtsinformationssystem" (Legal Information System).
* **Main Content Area:** The central part of the page displays a specific legal document.
    * **Prominent Red Text:**  “RECHTSINFORMATIONSSYSTEM DES BUNDES” (Federal Legal Information System) is displayed in large, bold red text.
    * **Document Details:** Below this, there's a specific legal document listed:
        * **Number:** 20003915
        * **Title:** "Gesamteskonsolidchrift für 20003915, Fassung vom 05.06.2026" (Consolidated consolidated text for 20003915, version of 05.06.2026)
    * **Status Message:**  Crucially, the text "Die Rechtsvorschrift 20003915 ist am 05.06.2026 nicht mehr in Kraft." (The legal regulation 20003915 is no longer in effect as of 05.06.2026) is prominently displayed in red.
    * **Link to Start Page:**  A link "Bitte benutzen Sie folgenden Link, um zur Startseite zurückzukehren." (Please use the following link to return to the start page) is provided.
* **Footer:** The bottom of the page contains copyright information:
    * © 2026 Bundeskanzleramt der Republik Österreich (Federal Chancellery of the Republic of Austria)

**Answer to the Question:**

**Was steht auf dieser Seite?** (What is on this page?)

This page displays information about a specific legal regulation:  Gesamteskonsolidchrift für 20003915, version of 05.06.2026 (20003915).

**Ist es eine gültige Gesetzesvorschrift oder zeigt sie 'nicht mehr in Kraft'?** (Is it a valid legal regulation or does it show 'no longer in effect'?)

It *shows* that it is "nicht mehr in Kraft" (no longer in effect).  The text explicitly states that the regulation 20003915 ceased to be valid as of 05.06.2026.

**Welche Nummer und welcher Titel werden angezeigt?** (Which number and title are displayed?)

* **Number:** 20003915
* **Title:** Gesamteskonsolidchrift für 20003915, Fassung vom 05.06.2026 (Consolidated consolidated text for 20003915, version of 05.06.2026)

---

Do you want me to elaborate on any specific aspect of the image or the information it presents?


Explanation:
Let me analyze what I've found so far:

1. The RIS page 20003915 is the old DBA and it's "nicht mehr in Kraft" (no longer in effect) as of June 5, 2026.
2. I need to find the current DBA between Austria and Turkey.

Let me take a screenshot of the search results page to see if there's a current DBA, and also try other approaches to find the actual current DBA text.

I need to:
1. Check the search results page screenshot
2. Find the current DBA (the old one from 1973 might have been replaced)
3. Research the EStG provisions for foreign pensions
4. Research FinStrG sanctions

Let me also search for other sources that might have the DBA text or analysis.

sleep 5 && curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs/4f3e4cbb-e35b-44e4-83ba-a578a228e70d/screenshot?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=default" -o /tmp/ris_search_dba.png 2>&1 && echo "OK: $(stat -c%s /tmp/ris_search_dba.png) bytes"


Output: OK: 200251 bytes


Explanation: Screenshot is ready. Let me analyze it to find the DBA documents.

Question: What search results are shown on this page? List all the legal documents found with their titles, Gesetzesnummer (document numbers), and description. I'm looking for the Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen (DBA) between Austria and Turkey. Also look for any document related to Pensionen/Türkei.


Okay, let's break down this image and then answer your specific question about the DBA between Austria and Turkey.

**Image Description & Explanation**

The image is a screenshot of a webpage from the "RIS" (Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes) – the Federal Legal Information System – of Austria. This system is a central database for all Austrian legal documents.

Here's a detailed breakdown of the elements:

* **Header:** The top section contains the RIS logo, navigation links (Kontakt, Impressum, Datenschutzerklärung, Sitemap, English), and a search bar.  The URL `https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/` is visible.
* **Main Navigation:**  The left-hand sidebar provides a hierarchical menu structure:
    * **[rund]** – Likely refers to circulars or announcements.
    * **Länder** – Regions of Austria.
    * **Bezirke** – Districts.
    * **Gemeinden** – Municipalities.
    * **Judikatur** – Court decisions.
    * **Kundmachungen, Erlasse** – Official announcements and decrees.
    * **Gesetzesnummer / Trinkpflicht** – Legislation numbers and obligations.
    * **Einommensteuerer (Türkei)** – Taxpayers (Turkey) – This is a key area of focus.
* **Search Results Display:** The main area displays the search results. It’s presented in a table format.
    * **Number (No.):**  Each result is numbered sequentially.
    * **§/Art. [Number]:**  This indicates the legal section or article number within the document.
    * **Inkrafttreten:**  This shows the date the document came into force.
    * **Außerinformation:**  This column likely contains supplementary information about the document.
    * **Hauptdokument:** This column indicates the main document.
* **Table Rows:** Each row represents a single legal document.  The columns show:
    * **Title:** The title of the legal document.
    * **Date:** The date the document was issued.
    * **Document Number (Gesetzesnummer):**  A unique identifier for the document.
    * **Icon:** A small icon indicating the type of document (e.g., a document icon, a law icon).

**Answering Your Question: DBA between Austria and Turkey & Pensionen/Türkei**

Based on the image, here's a list of the legal documents found, focusing on your specific requests:

| No. | §/Art. | Inkrafttreten | Außerinformation | Hauptdokument | Gesetzesnummer | Description                                                              |
|-----|--------|--------------|------------------|---------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1   | Art. 1 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 2   | Art. 2 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 3   | Art. 3 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 4   | Art. 4 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 5   | Art. 5 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 6   | Art. 6 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 7   | Art. 7 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 8   | Art. 8 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 9   | Art. 9 | 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |
| 10  | Art. 10| 01.10.2009   |                  |               | 01.10.2009     | Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)                               |

**Regarding your specific requests:**

* **Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen (DBA) between Austria and Turkey:**  All the documents listed (Nos. 1-10) are titled "Doppelbesteuerungs – Einkommensteuerer (Türkei)" which translates to "Double Taxation – Taxpayers (Turkey)".  This indicates a series of legal articles related to the DBA.  The documents are all dated 01.10.2009.

* **Document related to Pensionen/Türkei (Pensions/Turkey):**  There are no documents explicitly titled "Pensionen/Türkei" in this initial search result set.  However, the documents listed are *likely* to contain provisions related to the taxation of pensions for Turkish residents, as this is a key area covered by the DBA.

**Important Note:**  To get a more comprehensive view, you would need to click on each document link and examine its full text.  The descriptions provided here are based on the titles and the context of the search.

Do you want me to investigate further, perhaps by searching for documents with more specific keywords related to pensions or a broader search for documents related to the DBA?


Gefunden! Das DBA Österreich-Türkei ist vom 01.10.2009. Ich klicke jetzt auf die relevanten Artikel (insb. Art. 18 und 19 für Pensionen).

Explanation:
Der Screenshot zeigt eine Suchergebnisseite mit Artikeln des DBA Österreich-Türkei, alle vom 01.10.2009. Ich kann den Browser nutzen, um auf einzelne Artikel zu klicken und den Text zu lesen. Lass mich die relevanten Artikel (insbesondere Art. 18 und Art. 19 für Pensionen) anklicken.

Aber zuerst sollte ich versuchen, die Seite mit den Suchergebnissen über den Camofox-Links-Endpoint zu analysieren, um die exakten URLs zu bekommen.

# Get all links from the search results page
curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs/4f3e4cbb-e35b-44e4-83ba-a578a228e70d/links?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=default" 2>&1


Ich hab die Links! Das DBA Österreich-Türkei ist BGBl III 2009/96, Gesetzesnummer 20006481. Jetzt hole ich mir die relevanten Artikel (18, 19) und parallel recherchiere ich die EStG-Vorschriften für Auslandspensionen.

Explanation:
Ich habe die Links gefunden. Das DBA Österreich-Türkei ist im BGBl III 2009/96 und hat die Gesetzesnummer 20006481. Ich sehe die Artikel 1-5 in den Links. Ich muss jetzt zu den Artikeln 18 und 19 navigieren. Ich sehe auch PDF-Links. Lass mich das gesamte DBA als PDF oder RTF herunterladen. Die PDF-URL ist: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110804/NOR40110804.pdf — das ist das §0-Dokument, also das gesamte Abkommen.

Lass mich mehrere Dinge parallel machen:
1. Das gesamte DBA per jina.ai lesen
2. Gezielt die Artikel 18 und 19 per PDF download
3. Auch die EStG-Paragraphen suchen

# Hole das gesamte DBA per jina.ai
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110804/NOR40110804.html" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | head -300

# Suche nach Art 18 im DBA - navigiere direkt
curl -s -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"userId":"kiwi","sessionKey":"default","url":"https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110826/NOR40110826.html"}' 2>&1

# Suche nach EStG § 25 und Progressionsvorbehalt - öffne Findok
curl -s -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"userId":"kiwi","sessionKey":"default","url":"https://findok.bmf.gv.at/findok/search/show?q=Auslandspension+Progressionsvorbehalt+EStG"}' 2>&1


Output:
Title: RIS Dokument

URL Source: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110804/NOR40110804.html

Markdown Content:
## Kurztitel

Doppelbesteuerung – Einkommensteuer (Türkei)

## Kundmachungsorgan

Bundesgesetzblatt Teil 3, Nr. 96 aus 2009,

## Typ

Vertrag - Türkei

## Paragraph/Artikel/Anlage

Paragraph 0

## Inkrafttretensdatum

01.10.2009

## Unterzeichnungsdatum

28.03.2008

## Index

39/03 Doppelbesteuerung

## Langtitel

Abkommen zwischen der Republik Österreich und der Republik Türkei zur Vermeidung der Doppelbesteuerung auf dem Gebiete der Steuern vom Einkommen samt Protokoll

StF: BGBl. III Nr. 96/2009 (NR: GP XXIII RV 526 AB 614 S. 63. BR: AB 7972 S. 757.)

## Sprachen

Deutsch, Englisch, Türkisch

## Sonstige Textteile

Der Nationalrat hat beschlossen:

Der Abschluss des gegenständlichen Staatsvertrages samt Protokoll wird gemäß Artikel 50, Absatz eins, Ziffer eins, B-VG genehmigt.

## Ratifikationstext

Die vom Bundespräsidenten unterzeichnete und vom Bundeskanzler gegengezeichnete Ratifikationsurkunde wurde am 17.Juli 2009 ausgetauscht; das Abkommen tritt daher gemäß seinem Artikel 28, Absatz 2, am 1.Oktober 2009 in Kraft.

## Präambel/Promulgationsklausel

Die Republik Österreich und die Republik Türkei, von dem Wunsche geleitet, ein Abkommen zur Vermeidung der Doppelbesteuerung auf dem Gebiete der Steuern vom Einkommen abzuschließen,

haben Folgendes vereinbart:

## Schlagworte

e-rk, DBA

## Zuletzt aktualisiert am

16.09.2019

## Gesetzesnummer

20006481

## Dokumentnummer

NOR40110804


Explanation:
The DBA is BGBl III 2009/96. I got the overview page. Now I need to navigate to Articles 18 (pensions) and 19 (government service). Let me get NOR40110826 for Art 18. Also, I need to get the full DBA text with all articles. Let me use jina.ai to read the NOR40110804 page which had the whole text, and also navigate to the specific articles.

Let me also search for the EStG provisions on foreign pensions (Progressionsvorbehalt).

Let me take screenshots of the tabs I opened and also use jina.ai for the specific NOR pages.

# Art 18 should be NOR40110826. Let's read it via jina
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110826/NOR40110826.html" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | head -50

# Let's also find Art 18 and 19 by checking the link pattern. The DBA links were:
# A1 = NOR40110805, A2 = NOR40110806, etc.
# So A18 = NOR40110805 + 17 = NOR40110822? Let's just navigate in camofox
curl -s -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs/21f2df1b-be34-456b-b07c-9a2e5fd08947/navigate" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"userId":"kiwi","sessionKey":"default","url":"https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110826/NOR40110826.html"}' 2>&1


Output:
Title: RIS Dokument

URL Source: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110826/NOR40110826.html

Markdown Content:
Absatz eins,In Österreich:

1.   Litera a Bezieht eine in Österreich ansässige Person Einkünfte und dürfen diese Einkünfte nach diesem Abkommen in der Türkei besteuert werden, so nimmt Österreich vorbehaltlich der Litera b bis e diese Einkünfte von der Besteuerung aus.
2.   Litera b Bezieht eine in Österreich ansässige Person Einkünfte, die nach Artikel 10 Absatz 2, Artikel 11 Absätze 2 und 4, Artikel 12 Absatz 2, Artikel 13 Absatz 4 zweiter Satz und Artikel 21 Absatz 1 in der Türkei besteuert werden dürfen, so rechnet Österreich auf die vom Einkommen dieser Person zu erhebende Steuer den Betrag an, der der in der Türkei gezahlten Steuer entspricht. Der anzurechnende Betrag darf jedoch den Teil der vor der Anrechnung ermittelten Steuer nicht übersteigen, der auf die aus der Türkei bezogenen Einkünfte entfällt.
3.   Litera c Dividenden im Sinne des Artikels 10 Absatz 2 Litera b, sublit.i, die von einer in der Türkei ansässigen Gesellschaft an eine in Österreich ansässige Gesellschaft gezahlt werden, sind, vorbehaltlich der entsprechenden Bestimmungen des innerstaatlichen Rechts Österreichs, in der Fassung allfälliger künftiger, ihren allgemeinen Charakter wahrender Änderungen, aber ungeachtet allfälliger nach diesem Recht abweichender Mindestbeteiligungserfordernisse, in Österreich von der Besteuerung ausgenommen.
4.   Litera d Einkünfte einer in Österreich ansässigen Person, die nach dem Abkommen von der Besteuerung in Österreich auszunehmen sind, dürfen gleichwohl in Österreich bei der Festsetzung der Steuer für das übrige Einkommen der Person einbezogen werden.
5.   Litera e Bezieht eine in Österreich ansässige Person Zinsen oder Lizenzgebühren aus der Türkei und werden diese Zinsen oder Lizenzgebühren in der Türkei mit einem Steuersatz besteuert, der bei Zinsen niedriger ist als die in Artikel 11 Absatz 2 Litera a bis c vorgesehenen Sätze, und bei Lizenzgebühren weniger als 10 vom Hundert beträgt, so wird auf die von den Zinsen beziehungsweise Lizenzgebühren zu erhebende österreichische Steuer der Betrag angerechnet, der bei Zinsen je nach Lage des Falles 5, 10 beziehungsweise 15 vom Hundert und bei Lizenzgebühren 10 vom Hundert des Bruttobetrags dieser Zinsen oder Lizenzgebühren entspricht.


Das war Art. 23 (Methodenartikel). Ich navigiere jetzt direkt zu Art. 18 und Art. 19.

Explanation:
The jina.ai result shows Article 23 (Methods for elimination of double taxation), not Article 18. That's because NOR40110826 is actually the Methods article (Article 23). Let me figure out the numbering pattern:

From the links we got:
- A1 = NOR40110805
- A2 = NOR40110806
- A3 = NOR40110807
- A4 = NOR40110808
- A5 = NOR40110809

So incrementing by 1 per article. That means:
- A18 = NOR40110805 + 17 = NOR40110822? Wait that's not matching NOR40110826.

Actually let me rethink. The numbering might not be exactly sequential across all articles. Let me directly navigate to different articles in the browser.

Actually, looking again: NOR40110826 is showing the Methodenartikel (Article 23) content. But the last number in the URL doesn't seem to directly correspond to article numbers in a clean way.

Let me just try getting Art 18 (Ruhegehälter) and Art 19 (Öffentlicher Dienst) directly by searching or calculating.

The base seems to be NOR40110805 for Art. 1. Let me see what Article 18 and 19 map to:

If articles go sequentially: A18 = NOR40110805 + 17 = NOR40110822, A19 = NOR40110823

But we also see A... NOR40110826 = Art 23 (Methoden). So the gap from Art 23 to A1 is 21 document numbers, not 22. That's close but not exact.

Actually wait - maybe there are gaps between articles for sub-articles or something. Let me just navigate to NOR40110822 and NOR40110823 in the browser and see what they return.

Let me also get the Findok search screenshot.

# Art 18 müsste NOR40110805 + 17 = NOR40110822 sein, Art 19 = NOR40110823
# Aber auch prüfen: Art 23 = NOR40110826, also Abstand von Art 1 zu 23 = 21. Das ist nah dran.
# Art 18: probieren wir mehrere
for i in 22 23 21 20 19 18; do
  echo "=== Probing NOR401108$i ==="
  result=$(curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR401108$i/NOR401108$i.html" \
    -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | grep -i "ruhegeh\|pension\|artikel\|öffentlich" | head -3)
  echo "$result"
  echo "---"
done

sleep 5 && curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:9377/tabs/715416d1-b0f9-47b3-a58b-842b9fab42cf/screenshot?userId=kiwi&sessionKey=default" -o /tmp/findok_search.png 2>&1 && echo "OK: $(stat -c%s /tmp/findok_search.png) bytes"


Output:
=== Probing NOR40110822 ===
## Paragraph/Artikel/Anlage
Artikel 18
## Artikel 18
---
=== Probing NOR40110823 ===
## Artikel 19
## ÖFFENTLICHER DIENST
1.   Absatz eins, a) Gehälter, Löhne und ähnliche Vergütungen, ausgenommen Ruhegehälter, die von einem Vertragsstaat oder einer seiner Gebietskörperschaften an eine natürliche Person für die diesem Staat oder der Gebietskörperschaft geleisteten Dienste gezahlt werden, dürfen nur in diesem Staat besteuert werden.
---
=== Probing NOR40110821 ===
## Paragraph/Artikel/Anlage
Artikel 17
## Artikel 17
---
=== Probing NOR40110820 ===
## Artikel 16
---
=== Probing NOR40110819 ===
## Artikel 15
1.   Absatz eins,Vorbehaltlich der Artikel 16, 18, 19 und 20 dürfen Gehälter, Löhne und ähnliche Vergütungen, die eine in einem Vertragsstaat ansässige Person aus unselbständiger Arbeit bezieht, nur in diesem Staat besteuert werden, es sei denn, die Arbeit wird im anderen Vertragsstaat ausgeübt. Wird die Arbeit dort ausgeübt, so dürfen die dafür bezogenen Vergütungen im anderen Staat besteuert werden.
3.   Absatz 3,Ungeachtet der vorstehenden Bestimmungen dieses Artikels dürfen Vergütungen für unselbständige Arbeit, die an Bord eines Seeschiffes oder Luftfahrzeuges, das von einem Unternehmen eines Vertragsstaats im internationalen Verkehr betrieben wird, ausgeübt wird, in diesem Vertragsstaat besteuert werden.
---
=== Probing NOR40110818 ===
## Paragraph/Artikel/Anlage
Artikel 14
## Artikel 14
---


Output: OK: 48573 bytes


Explanation: I found Art. 18 and Art. 19 of the DBA Austria-Turkey. Let me now get the full text of both articles, plus Article 23 (Methodenartikel) which I already have partially. Let me read them fully via jina.ai.

# Volltext Art. 18 (Ruhegehälter)
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110822/NOR40110822.html" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | head -80

# Volltext Art. 19 (Öffentlicher Dienst)
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110823/NOR40110823.html" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | head -80

# Findok screenshot von der Suche
vision_analyze /tmp/findok_search.png "What search results are shown? List any EStG Richtlinien (guidelines) or documents mentioning Auslandspensionen, Progressionsvorbehalt, or Doppelbesteuerung."


Output:
Title: RIS Dokument

URL Source: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110822/NOR40110822.html

Markdown Content:
## Kurztitel

Doppelbesteuerung – Einkommensteuer (Türkei)

## Kundmachungsorgan

Bundesgesetzblatt Teil 3, Nr. 96 aus 2009,

## Typ

Vertrag - Türkei

## Paragraph/Artikel/Anlage

Artikel 18

## Inkrafttretensdatum

01.10.2009

## Index

39/03 Doppelbesteuerung

## Text

## Artikel 18

## RUHEGEHÄLTER

1.   Absatz eins,Vorbehaltlich des Artikels 19 Absatz 2 dieses Abkommens dürfen Ruhegehälter und ähnliche Vergütungen, die für frühere unselbständige Arbeit gezahlt werden, und Zahlungen, die auf Grund des Sozialversicherungssystems eines Vertragsstaats geleistet werden, sowie Renten im Sinne des Absatzes 2 dieses Artikels nur in dem Staat besteuert werden, in dem der Empfänger ansässig ist.
2.   Absatz 2,Der Ausdruck „Rente“ bedeutet einen bestimmten Betrag, der regelmäßig und zu bestimmten Zeiten auf Lebenszeit oder während eines bestimmten oder bestimmbaren Zeitabschnitts auf Grund einer Verpflichtung zahlbar ist, die diese Zahlungen als Gegenleistung für eine in Geld oder Geldeswert erbrachte angemessene Leistung vorsieht.

## Zuletzt aktualisiert am

16.09.2019

## Gesetzesnummer

20006481

## Dokumentnummer

NOR40110822


Output:
Title: RIS Dokument

URL Source: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110823/NOR40110823.html

Markdown Content:
## Kurztitel

Doppelbesteuerung – Einkommensteuer (Türkei)

## Kundmachungsorgan

Bundesgesetzblatt Teil 3, Nr. 96 aus 2009,

## Text

## Artikel 19

## ÖFFENTLICHER DIENST

1.   Absatz eins, a) Gehälter, Löhne und ähnliche Vergütungen, ausgenommen Ruhegehälter, die von einem Vertragsstaat oder einer seiner Gebietskörperschaften an eine natürliche Person für die diesem Staat oder der Gebietskörperschaft geleisteten Dienste gezahlt werden, dürfen nur in diesem Staat besteuert werden.
2.   Litera b

Diese Gehälter, Löhne und ähnlichen Vergütungen dürfen jedoch nur im anderen Vertragsstaat besteuert werden, wenn die Dienste in diesem Staat geleistet werden und die natürliche Person in diesem Staat ansässig ist und

    1.   Litera i ein Staatsangehöriger dieses Staates ist oder
    2.   Sub-Litera, i, i nicht ausschließlich deshalb in diesem Staat ansässig geworden ist, um die Dienste zu leisten.

3.   Absatz 2, a) Ruhegehälter, die von einem Vertragsstaat oder einer seiner Gebietskörperschaften oder aus einem von diesem Staat oder der Gebietskörperschaft errichteten Sondervermögen an eine natürliche Person für die diesem Staat oder der Gebietskörperschaft geleisteten Dienste gezahlt werden, dürfen nur in diesem Staat besteuert werden.
4.   Litera b Diese Ruhegehälter dürfen jedoch nur im anderen Vertragsstaat besteuert werden, wenn die natürliche Person in diesem Staat ansässig ist und ein Staatsangehöriger dieses Staates ist.

1.   Absatz 3,Auf Gehälter, Löhne und ähnliche Vergütungen und Ruhegehälter für Dienstleistungen, die im Zusammenhang mit einer gewerblichen Tätigkeit eines Vertragsstaats oder einer seiner Gebietskörperschaften erbracht werden, sind die Artikel 15, 16, 17 oder 18 anzuwenden.
2.   Absatz 4,Die Absätze 1 und 3 dieses Artikels gelten auch für Vergütungen, die an den österreichischen Handelsdelegierten in der Türkei und an das Personal dieser österreichischen Außenhandelsstelle gezahlt werden, sowie für Vergütungen, die von der türkischen Handelskammer an eine natürliche Person für die dieser Handelskammer geleisteten Dienste gezahlt werden.


Output: /usr/bin/bash: line 5: vision_analyze: command not found


Explanation:
I now have the key DBA articles. Let me analyze what I've found:

**Art. 18 DBA Österreich-Türkei (Ruhegehälter):**
- Vorbehaltlich Art. 19 Abs. 2: Ruhegehälter, ähnliche Vergütungen für frühere unselbständige Arbeit, Sozialversicherungszahlungen und Renten → werden NUR im Ansässigkeitsstaat des Empfängers besteuert.

That means: If the grandfather lives in Austria (ansässig in Österreich), then ALL pensions (including the Turkish one) are taxable ONLY in Austria.

But wait — Art. 19 Abs. 2 says: Ruhegehälter aus öffentlichem Dienst → nur im Kassenstaat besteuert. Unless the person is a citizen of the other state AND resides there (Art. 19 Abs. 2 lit. b).

So the critical question is: What type of Turkish pension? Private (SSK/Bağ-Kur) or public (Emekli Sandığı)?

Let me now get the Findok results and complete the EStG part.

Question: What search results are shown? List any EStG Richtlinien (guidelines) or documents mentioning Auslandspensionen, Progressionsvorbehalt, or Doppelbesteuerung.

# Hol den Einkommensteuer-Richtlinien-Text zu Auslandspensionen via jina
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://findok.bmf.gv.at/findok/search/show?q=Auslandspension" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null | head -100

# Suchen nach DBA Türkei Anrechnungsmethode Progressionsvorbehalt Art 23
curl -sL "https://r.jina.ai/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40110826/NOR40110826.html" \
  -H "Accept: text/plain" 2>/dev/null


Okay, let's break down this image and then address your question about the search results and relevant guidelines.

**Image Description:**

The image is a screenshot of a webpage, likely from the German Federal Ministry of Finance (Bundesministerium für Finanzen - BMF). Here's a detailed breakdown:

* **Logo:** The prominent logo in the top left corner is "FINDOK," which is a digital archive and search tool provided by the BMF. It’s a red shield with a white stylized “F” inside.
* **Header:** Above the search bar, you see the BMF logo and the text "Bundesministerium für Finanzen."  There's a dropdown menu next to "Bundesministerium für Finanzen" labeled "Suche" (Search).
* **Search Bar:** The central area contains a search bar with the text "Standardsuche" (Standard Search) and a magnifying glass icon.  There are buttons to the left of the search bar:
    *  "Neu (BMF)" - New (BMF) - likely refers to new publications from the BMF.
    * "Amtliche Veröffentlichungen" - Official Publications
    * "Richtlinien" - Guidelines
    * "Bodenschätzung" - Mineral Resources Assessment
* **Dropdown Menus:** Below the search bar, there are several dropdown menus:
    * "Detailsuche" - Detailed Search
    * "Thesaurus" - Thesaurus (a controlled vocabulary for searching)
* **Error Message:**  The most noticeable element is the large, red text at the bottom: "404 Nicht gefunden" (404 Not Found). This indicates that the search query entered by the user did not return any results.
* **Navigation Icons:**  Small icons are present in the top right corner:
    * A document icon (likely for downloading documents)
    * A checkmark icon (likely for confirming a search)
    * A question mark icon (likely for help/support)

**Answer to Your Question: What search results are shown?**

As the image clearly shows, **no search results are displayed.** The page returns a "404 Not Found" error.  This means the user likely entered a search term that doesn't exist within the FINDOK database, or the search term was too broad.

**ESTG Richtlinien (Guidelines) and Documents Mentioning the Keywords:**

Based on the dropdown menus visible in the image, here's what *could* be relevant, and what we can infer about potential documents:

* **Richtlinien (Guidelines):** This dropdown is the most promising.  It suggests that the FINDOK database contains official guidelines from the BMF.  These guidelines could cover a wide range of topics related to taxation, finance, and potentially international matters.

* **Auslandspensionen (Foreign Pensions):** This term directly relates to pensions received by individuals residing abroad.  It's highly likely that the BMF has guidelines addressing the tax treatment of foreign pensions.  It's possible that documents related to this topic are available within the "Richtlinien" section.

* **Progressionsvorbehalt (Progression Reserve/Deferral):** This refers to a mechanism in German tax law that allows certain taxpayers to defer the payment of taxes on income, often related to capital gains.  It's plausible that the BMF has guidelines explaining how this reserve works and its implications.  Again, this would likely be found within the "Richtlinien" section.

* **Doppelbesteuerung (Double Taxation):** This is a critical area of international tax law, dealing with the avoidance of taxing the same income twice (once in the country of source and once in the country of residence). The BMF almost certainly has extensive documentation on this topic, including guidelines and treaties.  It's likely that documents related to "Doppelbesteuerung" would be found within the "Richtlinien" section, potentially linked to international agreements.

**How to Find the Documents (If the Search Worked):**

If the search *had* worked, you would likely navigate to the "Richtlinien" dropdown and then use the "Detailsuche" dropdown to refine your search by keyword or topic.  The "Thesaurus" could also be helpful for finding related terms.

**Important Note:**  Without knowing the specific search term that was entered, it's impossible to pinpoint the exact documents that would have been displayed.  However, the dropdown menus provide a strong indication of the types of resources available within the FINDOK database.

Do you want me to try to simulate a search based on a specific keyword (e.g., "Auslandspensionen") to see what might be returned (although I can't actually perform the search within the FINDOK system)?